Sains Malaysiana 52(10)(2023): 2803-2813
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5210-06
Effect of Acid
and Oxidation Degradation of Gum Arabic on the Growth of Lactobacillus Strains
(Kesan Degradasi Asid dan Pengoksidaan Gam Arab terhadap Pertumbuhan Strain Lactobacillus)
HAMAD MOHAMAD SALAH HAMAD AHALIL1,
SHAHRUL RAZID SARBINI2, SAHILAH ABDUL MUTALIB3,4, AMINAH
ABDULLAH3 & MOHAMAD YUSOF MASKAT3,4,*
1Faculty of Agriculture, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya
2Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Campus, Jalan Nyabau, 97008 Bintulu,
Sarawak, Malaysia
3Department of Food Sciences, Faculty Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,
43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
4Innovation Center for Confectionery Technology,
Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi,
Selangor, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 2 Disember 2022/Diterima: 6 September 2023
Abstract
Gum arabic consisted of
polysaccharides that has the potential to be converted into oligosaccharides
through degradation. Thus, this study aimed to determine the effect of gum arabic degradation on the growth of two Lactobacillus probiotic strains. Two
types of gum arabic (Acacia senegaland Acacia seyal) were subjected to trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and oxidation degradation. TFA
degradation produced a significantly higher (p<0.05) degree of degradation
for A. senegal (67.6%) and A. seyal (62.87%) compared to oxidation method for A. senegal (36.49%) and A. seyal (39.37%). Thus, TFA degradation
was selected as the degradation method. The TFA treated gum arabic was used as growth medium for two types of probiotic strains namely, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus reuteri.
Results showed that OD of TFA treated
gums from A. senegal(1.390) and A. seyal (1.330) was significantly higher (p<0.05) compared to untreated
samples innoculated with Lactobacillus plantarum. Similarly, CDM of TFA treated gums innoculated with Lactobacillus plantarum for A. senegal(1.150 g/L) and A. seyal(1.050 g/L) was
also significantly higher (p<0.05)
compared to untreated samples. Using treated
gum, the growth (OD and CDM) of Lactobacillus reuteri was significantly
higher (p<0.05) compared to untreated gum. Prebiotic Index (Ipreb) of both types of treated gum arabic was significantly improved (p<0.05) compared to
untreated samples. In conclusion, treating
gum arabic from both Acacia senegaland Acacia seyal with TFA produced samples which were more favourable for the growth of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus reuteri strains with significantly
increased (p<0.05) Ipreb.
Keywords: Acacia senegal; Acacia seyal; Lactobacillus; prebiotic; probiotic
Abstrak
Gam arab terdiri daripada
polisakarida yang berpotensi untuk ditukar menjadi oligosakarida melalui
degradasi. Justeru, kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kesan degradasi gam
arab terhadap pertumbuhan dua strain probiotik Lactobacillus. Dua jenis gam arab (Acacia senegal dan Acacia
seyal) telah melalui proses degradasi menggunakan asid trifluoroasetik
(TFA) dan degradasi pengoksidaan. Degradasi TFA menghasilkan darjah degradasi
yang lebih tinggi secara signifikan (p<0.05) untuk A. senegal (67.6%) dan A.
seyal (62.87%) berbanding kaedah pengoksidaan bagi A. senegal (36.49%) dan A.
seyal (39.37%). Justeru, degradasi TFA telah dipilih sebagai kaedah
degradasi. Gam arab terawat TFA digunakan sebagai media pertumbuhan untuk dua
strain probiotik iaitu, Lactobacillus
plantarum dan Lactobacillus reuteri.
Keputusan menunjukkan OD gam arab terawat menggunakan TFA daripada A. senegal(1.390) danA. seyal(1.330) adalah lebih tinggi secara signifikan (p<0.05)
berbanding sampel tidak terawat yang diinokulasi dengan Lactobacillus plantarum. Begitu juga, CDM untuk gam terawat
menggunakan TFA yang diinokulasi dengan Lactobacillus
plantarum untuk A. senegal(1.150 g/L) danA. seyal(1.050 g/L) juga adalah lebih tinggi secara signifikan (p<0.05) berbanding sampel tidak terawat. Apabila menggunakan gam
terawat, pertumbuhan (OD dan CDM) Lactobacillus reuteri adalah lebih tinggi secara signifikan (p<0.05) berbanding sampel tidak terawat. Indeks Prebiotik (Ipreb) bagi kedua-dua gam arab terawat meningkat secara signifikan (p<0.05) berbanding sampel tidak terawat. Kesimpulannya, merawat gam arab
daripada kedua-dua Acacia senegal dan Acacia seyal menggunakan TFA
menghasilkan sampel yang lebih sesuai untuk pertumbuhan strain Lactobacillus plantarum dan Lactobacillus reuteri dengan peningkatan Ipreb yang signifikan (p<0.05).
Kata kunci: Acacia senegal; Acacia seyal; Lactobacillus; prebiotik; probiotik
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: yusofm@ukm.edu.my
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